{"cas":"124-38-9","name":"carbon dioxide","synonyms":["carbon dioxide","carbonic anhydride","124-38-9","carbonic acid gas","Carbonic acid anhydride","methanedione","Carbonica","Kohlendioxyd","Carbon oxide, di-","Kohlensaure","Khladon 744","After-damp","AER Fixus","Anhydride carbonique","Dioxido de carbono","Dioxyde de carbone","Carbon oxide (CO2)","R 744","Carbon-12 dioxide","INS NO.290"],"cid":280,"ghs":{"pictograms":["GHS04","GHS07"],"signal":null,"classes":["Press. Gas (Comp.) (82%)","Press. Gas (Ref. Liq.) (20.5%)","Not Classified","Gases under pressure - High pressure liquefied gas","Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure - Category 3 (Narcotic effects)"],"h_statements":["H280 (82%): Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated","H281 (20.5%): Contains refrigerated gas; may cause cryogenic burns or injury","H336 May cause drowsiness or dizziness","H280 Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated"],"p_statements":{}},"physical":{"appearance":"Carbon dioxide appears as a colorless odorless gas at atmospheric temperatures and pressures. Relatively nontoxic and noncombustible. Heavier than air and may asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Soluble in water. Forms carbonic acid, a mild acid. Under prolonged exposure to heat or fire the container may rupture violently and rocket. Used to freeze food, to control chemical reactions, and as a fire extinguishing agent.","odour":"Odorless","boiling_point":"Sublimes (NIOSH, 2024)","melting_point":"-109.3 °F (USCG, 1999)","flash_point":"Not applicable","water_solubility":"0.2 % at 77 °F (NIOSH, 2024)","density":"1.56 at -110.2 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink","vapour_density":"1.53 (NIOSH, 2024) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)","vapour_pressure":"56.5 atm (NIOSH, 2024)","log_pow":"0.83"},"transport":{"un_number":null,"un_psn":null,"hazard_class":null,"packing_group":null},"exposure":{"osha_pel":"Vacated 1989 OSHA PEL TWA 10,000 ppm (18,000 mg/cu m); STEL 30,000 ppm (54,000 mg/cu m) is still enforced in some states.","niosh_rel":"Recommended Exposure Limit: 15 Min Short-Term Exposure Limit: 30,000 ppm (54,000 mg/cu m).","note":"Auto-sourced from PubChem. NZ WES must be confirmed against MBIE Workplace Exposure Standards table before use."},"first_aid":{"inhalation":"· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.","skin":"Skin: FROSTBITE - If frostbite has occurred, seek medical attention immediately; do NOT rub the affected areas or flush them with water. In order to prevent further tissue damage, do NOT attempt to remove frozen clothing from frostbitten areas. If frostbite has NOT occurred, immediately and thoroughly wash contaminated skin with soap and water.","eye":"Eye: FROSTBITE - If eye tissue is frozen, seek medical attention immediately; if tissue is not frozen, immediately and thoroughly flush the eyes with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the lower and upper eyelids. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, get medical attention as soon as possible.","ingestion":"· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed."},"data_source":"pubchem","source_url":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/280","fetched_at":"2026-06-20T06:19:56.697048+00:00","updated_at":"2026-06-20T06:19:56.697048+00:00","content_hash":"77e51152831efbcb","ttl_days":180,"confidence":"medium","verified_by":""}